Can you reduce your tax and NI bill if you give your spouse shares in your company? Usually this would be the case, however it isn’t always guaranteed! If your spouse has other income that places them in a higher tax bracket it would increase the bill! To get around this you can use alphabet shares. Alphabet shares are “ordinary shares” but they have a different designation. For example ordinary A shares, ordinary B shares etc. This means that the company can declare a dividend at one rate for A shares and another for B shares. So if one shareholder in a company has more income than another, the first shareholder can be paid a lower dividend to keep their income within the income tax basic rate band. These shares must be issued correctly. They must be sent to Companies House within 15 days with a Form SH01 within 30 days of issuing the new shares. HMRC aren’t always a big fan of alphabet shares, so make sure your paperwork is in order when declaring a dividend- it will either be a director’s resolution for an interim dividend or a shareholders’ resolution for a final dividend. First time you have heard of alphabet shares? Worried about issuing them yourself? Give us a call on  01622 738165  and Rustrick Accountants will sort it out for you.

Should you be deducting tax and NI from your employees’ travel expenses? You must decide if job-related expenses are exempt from tax and NI contributions. If they are, the expense can be paid or reimbursed to an employee without reporting it to HMRC. If it isn’t exempt, you must treat the payment as either earnings or a benefit in kind. For a travel expense to be exempt, it must happen whilst the employee is doing their job or is visiting a location that isn’t their normal place of work for the purpose of performing their job. If the employee’s journey is between their home and their permanent workplace, it is called ordinary commuting and if you pay the costs, they are taxable and liable to NI. This can get a bit confusing, get in contact with us on  01622 738165  and we can help you decide what the best course of action is for you.

You can reduce your capital gains tax liability by using proceeds from the sale of one asset to reinvest in the purchase of a new asset- this is called Rollover Relief. To qualify for Rollover Relief, you have to get rid of an old asset (which was used only for trade purposes) and then get a new asset (that will only be used for trade purposes). If you are a sole trader, you can use the new asset for a different trade but there must not be a gap longer than three years between these trades. Qualifying assets include buildings, land, plant and machinery used for your trade, but will not include shares and securities. Rollover Relief can be claimed if the proceeds of the old asset are used to enhance the value of other trade assets immediately, or if you use the proceeds to acquire a further interest in another asset (that is already used for trading purposes). You will get the full Rollover Relief if you reinvest all of the proceeds of your asset sales, if you only partially reinvest, then the relief will be proportionate. If you reinvest in a depreciating asset (an asset with a predictable life of 60 years or less e.g. machinery) there will be special rules. Any rolled-over gain from the depreciating asset is not deducted from the cost of the replacement asset, instead it is frozen until the replacement asset is no longer being used for trade purposes, or ten years from the acquisition of the depreciating asset. The new asset must be acquired 12 months before the disposal of the old asset or three years after the disposal. A claim has to be made within four years after the end of the tax year when the disposal happened or the new asset was acquired. Give us a call on  01622 738165  and we can help you decide if Rollover Relief is right for you!

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Did you know that the Employment Allowance (EA) has more than doubled? It now stands at £10,500! EA is the amount that employers can deduct from their annual NI bill. But why has it increased so drastically? Basically it is to soften the blow of the increase to employers’ NI rate (to 15%) and the lowering of the point at which employers must start paying NI on an employee’s salary (£5,000 per annum). Watch out! Employers may be excluded from entitlement to EA if the company only has one employee who is also a director and the only person paid by the company. It doesn’t matter how many shareholders/directors a company has, what matters is who is paid above the secondary earnings threshold. So how do you get around this? Simply pay another person just enough to prevent the exclusion from applying to the company! Even if this is just for one week in a tax year, you will qualify for the full £10,500! It is a simple solution and a very easy thing to capitalise on! Make sure you aren’t missing out by giving us a call today on  01622 738165  - we will be more than happy to help you.

When spouses own a property together, they are taxed 50% equally on any income that may arise. However, when they own property as tenants in common and in unequal shares, they can elect for the income to be split for tax purposes like their ownership- to do this you use a Form 17 (watch out- it can’t be split differently to the share balance!). After a Form 17 election has been made, it has to get to HMRC within 60 days of the date of the last signature. From this date, the income is split according to the shares, anything before this date is treated as arising equally. This election is useful because you get a lower tax bill- you won’t be taxed on 50% of the income! For example, Bob has a 95% share and Bill has a 5% share. They make £10,000 rental profit a year and Bob has no other income whilst Bill is a higher rate taxpayer. Bob will be taxed on 95% of the profits (£9,500) which would be tax-free (it is under his personal allowance) whilst Bill is only taxed on 5% (£500) which is only £200. They are both saving tax! This can be hard to get your head around- give us a call on  01622 738165  and let us work out the best solution for you!

How is the spring statement going to affect you?

The way that expenses relating to business premises are grouped can often cause problems with HMRC if they are found out to be non-deductible for tax purposes. If you take the correct steps to begin with it makes everything a lot smoother! Before recording any property expenditure, first identify if it is a revenue cost (day-to-day expense) like decoration or maintenance or a capital cost. A capital cost could be divided into two sections: 1. Acquisition/Improvement of building or structure 2. Plant/machinery/ equipment that is permanently attached to the building (lights, water system etc) Remember, if you do your own bookkeeping there is a much higher risk of errors- so double check everything! Revenue costs: if you incur a repair or maintenance cost relating to the premise, a tax deduction for the expense is allowed in the same way that other revenue expenditure (energy bills, staff costs and overheads) are recorded in the profit and loss account. Capital costs: these tend to be extensive and go beyond simple repairs. Capital expenditure should be recorded as a fixed asset on the business’ balance sheet. Hidden capital costs: there can be costs that are normally treated as revenue but can also be related to capital improvements. For example, you may have changed your office into an open plan structure (capital) but now need to paint the walls. This cost is related to capital and not revenue! Timing also comes into play for determining if expenses are capital or revenue. If a building is acquired in a condition that stops it from being used for the purpose it was intended for, expenses incurred to make it fit for use are usually capital even if they fall under the revenue category. Categorization is not always simple and luckily HMRC will accept a common-sense approach to it! No deduction from profits is allowed for capital expenditure if it has been incurred on or after 29 October 2018. However, it may qualify for a special capital allowance deduction known as the structures and buildings allowance (SBA). The tax relief for SBAs is equal to 3% of the costs per year (2% until April 2020). If you need help identifying what is a hidden capital cost and whether your capital costs may be eligible for the SBA, give us a call on 01622 738165- we are here to give you a helping hand!

Direct tax rules are changing in April 2025 and more vehicles are being classed as cars rather than commercial vehicles. VAT is not claimable when buying a new car, however it can be claimed when a car will be used as a tool of trade (e.g. a car hire business, driving school or taxi firm). Input tax can also be claimed on a genuine car that is used for carpooling and made available for use by all staff and not kept overnight at an employee’s home. Input tax can be claimed on a purchase of a commercial vehicle which has three/four wheels (no motorbike!), has been constructed solely/mainly to carry passengers and has roofed accommodation to the rear of the driver’s seat with side windows. Put simply, if it can carry either only one passenger, or over twelve passengers it is not a car and so it does not count. Like most things, there are exceptions to this rule. If the vehicle has an unladen weight of three tonnes or more it will always be classed as a commercial vehicle. Caravans, ambulances and prison vans are commercial vehicles. If you are planning to purchase a car, van or combi-van, it is worth checking out if it is a commercial vehicle. Get in contact today on 01622 738165 and we can advise you on what would be best for you and your business.